When you install an application, how are its components treated regarding permissions?

The correct answer highlights that when an application is installed, all components within that application are set to public, regardless of any specific permissions assigned to them. This means that the components can be accessed freely by users without needing any explicit permissions to view or use them.

This treatment of components is designed to facilitate easier access and usability of the application right after installation. By ensuring that components are public, users can interact with and utilize the application's features immediately without the potential hurdles of permission requests. This approach also supports common user experiences and workflows where applications typically operate under the assumption that their components are readily accessible.

The other options suggest scenarios that do not align with how most applications manage permissions upon installation. For instance, retaining original permissions or making them private by default would add an unnecessary layer of complexity, potentially leading to usability issues. Requiring users to request permission for each component would also hinder user experience as it complicates the interaction with the application. Thus, the choice of making components public by default aligns with a user-centric design approach.